The researchers found increased sensitivity in the gut of these mice when it was inflamed, with defective healing of the mucosa associated with an interleukin (IL) 22 deficiency and disruptions in the bacterial flora.
To do this, his team used mice lacking this gene. “The association between this predisposition gene, the immune system and bacteria deserved to be explored, given that all these factors are involved in IBD,” explains Harry Sokol, leader of this work. The CARD9 gene encodes a protein involved in the immune system, and especially in the recognition of microorganisms. Researchers have already discovered susceptibility genes like NOD2, ATG16L1 or CARD9, but also suspect environmental factors and modifications of the gut flora, although when and how these factors are involved is not known. This group of diseases usually affects young adults, and its incidence is highest in industrialised countries. It is characterised by inflammatory flare-ups of variable duration and frequency, depending on the patient. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by inappropriate inflammation of the digestive tract. The colitis is much more severe in mice with the microbiota of Card9−/− mice. Transfer of the microbiota from Card9−/− mice is sufficient to induce the increased susceptibility to colitis observed in Card9−/− mice.Ī histology section of axenic, genetically normal mice given the microbiota of genetically normal mice (left) or of Card9−/− mice (right), 12 days after induction of colitis.
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